GI system and science coursework assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

GI system and science coursework - Assignment Example Obtained in March, 2014 from the police.uk website, the compiled crime data base provides details of various geographical locations across England and Wales. In addition, the police.uk website has a unique interface that allows people to view and compare crime rates in any location in England and Wales. ArGIS software used in this task is an important geographical information system that offers a unique functionality for building models, creating maps, compiling geographical data and analyzing the mapped information. The use of Geographical Information System (GIS) tools in crime mapping is increasingly becoming popular among crime analysts in various law enforcement agencies across the globe. This is particularly attributed to the fact that crime opportunities are neither randomly nor uniformly organized in space and time. The underlying theories and scientific basis of environmental criminology were first devised in the early 1980s as seen in the works of scientists such as Patricia and Paul Brantingham among others. With the recent technological advancements, crime mapping has increasingly sought to incorporate modern spatial data analysis techniques in order to address some of the previous inherent limitations of spatial data. According to Andresen (2006), this enables law enforcers not only to make better decisions regarding allocation of resources and formulation of strategies but also to enhance their tactical analysis such as through improved geographical profiling and crime forecasting. Based on these theories, the proposed automated spatial function uses arcGIS software to produce interactive maps of crime rates based on a compilation of the geographical database of crime rates of the greater Manchester region. For example, the crime statistics obtained from the police.uk website and other relevant sources such as UK census data are used in conjunction with the Index of