Marketing McDonalds to Hispanic Americans Essay -- McDonalds Hispani

Item and serious condition McDonald’s Corporation (MDC) known for its acclaimed brilliant curves is the main biggest chain of drive-thru eatery on the planet. With base camp in the United States and eateries in 120 nations serving around 86 million clients every day. About 80% of the eateries are worked by a franchisees or associates. McDonald's incomes originate from the costs paid by the franchisees, for example, charges, eminences, lease, just as deals in organization worked eateries. As indicated by Hoovers, McDonald's Corporation in 2013 made and yearly income of $28,105.7 contrasted with $27.5 billion made in 2012. A large portion of the eateries are detached units offering eat in and pass through help, but at the same time McDonald's has numerous cafés situated in air terminals, retail zones, and other high-traffic areas. The organization has nine significant markets †Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, the UK, and the US †that represent 75% of deals. Despite the fact that McDonald is a main brand, the top organizations that give McDonald rivalry include: Doctor’s Associates Inc., YUM! Brands Inc., Starbucks Corporation, Darden Restaurant Inc., and Burger King Doctors’s Associates, Inc.: An organization who possesses and works Subway. It has estimated 40,855 eateries in 105 nations, in January, 1, 2014. The all out yearly income is of $32.1 million dollars. Yum! Brands, Inc. or on the other hand Yum! Is the world’s biggest drive-thru eatery organization they have in excess of 40,000 eateries all around and works in 125 nations. YUM! Licenses Taco Bell, KFC, Pizza Hut and Wing Street. The all out yearly income is of $13,084 million dollars. Starbucks Corporation is the biggest café organization on the planet, with 20,891 stores I... ... Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 13 May 2013. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. Llopis, Glenn. 5 Steps To Capturing The Hispanic Market. Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 03 Sept. 2013. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. Hispanic Fast Facts. AHAA. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. Michael Goodman. The Power of Hispanic Consumers. MercuryMedia. Exploration and Analytics, Apr. 2010. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. Deals and Marketing Slides. Marketing Strategy of McDonalds. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. The Marketing Process A McDonald's Restaurants Case Study. Business Case Studies. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2014. Maps and Data about the Hispanic Population. Pew Research Centers Social Demographic Trends Project RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. U.S. Hispanic Country of Origin Counts for Nation, Top 30 Metropolitan Areas. Pew Research Centers Hispanic Trends Project RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2014.

Calculating Humidex

Presentation Humidex has a long history. It started from Canada in 1965. Canadian meteorologists use it to break down dangers related with presentation to warm and over the top dampness [1]. They accomplish this by uniting temperature and dampness records. Contrasted with temperature readings, humidex is viewed as a superior proportion of how smothering or stodgy the air feels [2].Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Calculating Humidex explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is accounted for as a worth. It's anything but a temperature perusing. The explanation is that it is only a declaration of individual encounters. It is an identical scale utilized by the overall population to communicate the impacts of warm temperatures and stickiness [3]. It is like the breeze chill list. The device decides levels of cold. In any case, humidex depicts how hot individuals feel. Natural associations favor the humidex evaluations. They use them to foresee occasions of insufferable warmth and moistness. As per the Meteorological Service of Canada, a humidex scope of 20-29 is viewed as agreeable. Distress sets in from 30 to 45 [3]. Any incentive over 45 is viewed as incredibly perilous. Anybody presented to such conditions may endure heat stroke. In any case, it is noticed that the connection between the two ideas isn't objective. The explanation is that it differs broadly between people [4]. Figuring humidex There are two regular techniques utilized in computing this worth. The first is humidex calculation recipe. The second is humidex graph. Humidex calculation equation The recipe was presented by analysts at Canada’s Atmospheric Environment Service in 1979 [3]. It is utilized as a standard in Canada. Nonetheless, changing adaptations of the equation are utilized in various pieces of the world. The humidex recipe is given beneath: Advertising Looking for report on natural examinations? We should check whether we can support you! Get yo ur first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Source: [1] The dew point temperature is given in Kelvins. Another worth utilized is 5417.7530. It is a steady. It communicates the heaviness of water particles. Different constants incorporate inactive warmth of vaporization and all inclusive gas [3]. The most elevated humidex esteem in Canada was recorded in 1961. It remained at 53.4 [5]. Ascertaining humidex utilizing a diagram The utilization of a graph isn't normal. In any case, it is the best technique for individuals with next to zero information on the utilization of the calculation recipe [2]. The degree of humidex is controlled by checking the estimation of current temperature against relative stickiness [see index 1]. For example, on the off chance that the temperature is 30oc and relative moistness 70%, at that point Humidex rating will be 42 [6]. A study of the humidex file Many tree huggers have reprimanded the utilization of the record in such nations as Canada. The pundits recog nize the significance of different files that outline the cold and breezy conditions in the nation [7]. They contend that even nations with higher stickiness and warmth levels than Canada don't utilize the humidex record [1]. As per them, the file was just evolved to make fervor. They contrast it with the revelation of the breeze chill record [4]. A few researchers additionally contend that making a recipe that evaluates emotions is informal [1]. As per them, sentiments shift from one individual to the next. Others feel that a list that is a component of two estimations doesn't give any extra data on the one given by the factors utilized [1]. Mathematicians condemn the record by guaranteeing that its equation is illicit and fake [3]. The explanation is that the recipe utilizes informal strategies, for example, taking away scalar amounts from quantizes in millibars.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Calculating Humidex explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Lear n More Conclusion Humidex is utilized in numerous nations for various reasons. For example, it might be utilized to decide the conditions in which individuals are working. It is likewise used to alarm individuals of the threats related with high temperatures and stickiness levels. Numerous individuals may differ with the rationale behind the calculation and utilization of the humidex list. Be that as it may, despite this, the record is the best method of communicating people’s emotions towards introduction to dampness and high temperatures. Reference index [1] R. Rana, B. Kusy, R. Jurdak, J. Divider, and W. Hu, â€Å"Feasibility investigation of utilizing humidex as an indoor warm solace predictor,† Energy and Buildings, vol. 64, pp. 17-25, 2013. [2] D. Charron, Humidex and its utilization in the working environment. Hamilton, Ont.: Canadian Center for Occupational Health and Safety, 1989. [3] J. Masterton and F. Richardson, Humidex: A strategy for measuring human inco nvenience because of unnecessary warmth and dampness. Downsview, Ont.: Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment, 1979. [4] W. Santee and R. Wallace, Evaluation of climate administration heat lists utilizing the USARIEM Heat Strain Decision Aid (HSDA) model. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. [5] V. Mersereau, An output of civil warmth/wellbeing watch cautioning frameworks and blistering climate reaction plans. Ontario, Canada: Clean Air Partnership, 2007.Advertising Searching for report on natural investigations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More [6] K. Blazejczyk, Y. Epstein, G. Jendritzky, H. Staiger, and B. Tinz, â€Å"Comparison of UTCI to chose warm indices,† International Journal of Biometeorology, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 515-535, 2012. [7] J. Orosa, A. Costa, A. Rondriguez-Fernandez, and G. Roshan, â€Å"Effect of environmental change on open air warm solace in muggy climates,† Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, vol. 12, p. 46, 2014. Informative supplement Humidex diagram Source: [2] This report on Calculating Humidex was composed and presented by client Texas Twister to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Public Administration and Apply Behaviorist Theory to a Work Issue Essay

Open Administration and Apply Behaviorist Theory to a Work Issue - Essay Example Every one of these ideas portrays the adjustment in a person’s conduct and the purpose behind such changes. The molded reaction identifies with a movement that outcomes because of an alternate episode. The following idea of behaviorist hypothesis is aversive conduct. (Plaud, 1998). An individual may display a specific sort of conduct because of a specific circumstance. This may be because of the lack of engagement towards the circumstance. Fortification targets controlling the contrary outcomes of a conduct which helps in improving a person’s conduct. Outcomes are one among the most significant ideas of the behaviorist hypothesis. A result for the most part emerges from a specific choice or an activity. Outcomes by and large end up being certain or adverse relying upon the conduct of the individual. (Dewey, 1999). The circumstance also assumes a significant job in choosing the result of an activity. These key ideas are commonly applied to practically all the issues in c hanged regions. In any case, these ideas would impeccably suit an association that manages increasingly number of issues and issues identified with each and every branch of its. When looking at different issues, the issue identifying with the company’s creation. The most widely recognized issue is the decrease in the nature of the item an organization produces.

Appropriate Consequences for Student Misbehavior

Fitting Consequences for Student Misbehavior Understudies will make trouble in class. As educators, we probably won't have the option to stop all types of trouble making before they start. Notwithstanding, we have unlimited oversight over our own responses to understudy conduct issues. In this manner, we should pick our reactions admirably, ensuring that they are fitting and sensible. The familiar aphorism, the discipline must fit the wrongdoing, is particularly obvious in a homeroom setting. In the event that you pick something irrational, understudies will learn not exactly if your reaction legitimately identifies with the circumstance, or they may pass up significant data being instructed in class that day. Following are a progression of circumstances that have been decided to show fitting reactions in your study hall to help set up conduct the executives. Note that these are not by any means the only fitting reactions, however rather picked to show the distinction among suitable and unseemly results. An understudy utilizes a mobile phone for non-scholastic purposes. Proper: Tell the understudy to put the telephone away.Inappropriate: Confiscate the cell phone.Explanation: A mobile phone arrangement ought to be plainly expressed in the understudy handbook and checked on with understudies at whatever point there is an infraction. Instructors should record recurrent wrongdoers so as to share that the understudy is occupied in class with guardians. Rules ought to be intended to address the issues of understudies while tending to educators’ concerns. A few areas permit instructors a decision to settle on the choice by obviously posting if understudies can utilize their gadgets. Data on the webiste Common Sense Media can assist educators with anticipating gadget utilize that thinks about advanced citizenship and understudy security. Notwithstanding, computerized gadgets like mobile phones should possibly be utilized in class when there are explicit objectives as a main priority, basic reasoning, cooperation, progression, and value. An understudy is late to class. Proper - The understudy misses the every day starter or do-now movement and could lose any focuses related with this activity.Inappropriate - The educator overlooks the circumstance, and the understudy has no ramifications for their tardiness.Explanation - Tardiness is a serious deal, particularly whenever left unchecked. Instructors ought to have a late arrangement set up to manage issue tardies. Having an every day do now or warm up is one approach to give understudies a quick advantage for being to class on schedule. One note of alert, an understudy who is much of the time late could develop an enormous number of zeros for not finishing the warm-up action. For this situation, the warm-up action could be utilized for additional credit focuses. There is a differemce between evaluating for capacity and reviewing for conduct. An understudy doesn't get their schoolwork. Suitable - Depending on the school arrangement, the understudy could lose focuses off their schoolwork task. The understudy could likewise get a lower rating in scholastic behavior.Inappropriate - An absence of schoolwork brings about the understudy bombing the class.Explanation - Homework is done outside of the control of the study hall. Thus, numerous schools are choosing not to punish missing schoolwork. On the off chance that instructors grade just in-class or summative evaluations, at that point the evaluation precisely reflects what understudies know. Be that as it may, monitoring schoolwork for fruition can be important data to impart to guardians. National Education Association (NEA) recommends that all partners (instructors, guardians, and understudies) cooperate in any push to set schoolwork approaches. A page on the NEA site states: Approaches should address the reasons for schoolwork; sum and recurrence; school and educator obligations; understudy duties; and, the job of guardians or other people who help understudies with schoolwork. An understudy doesn't have materials (pen, calulator) required for class. Suitable - The educator gives the understudy a pen or pencil in return for guarantee. For instance, the educator may clutch one of the understudies shoes to guarantee that the pen or pencil is returned toward the finish of the class.Inappropriate - The understudy doesn't have materials and can't participate.Explanation - Students who can not complete any classwork without materials. Extrae quipment (mini-computers) orsupplies ought to be accessible in class. An understudy doesn't have their book in class. Fitting - The understudy doesn't have a reading material during the exercise for the day.Inappropriate - The educator gives the understudy a course reading to use without comment.Explanation - If reading material are required in your everyday study hall, it is significant for understudies to recollect their writings. It is an uncommon circumstance where you have in excess of a few additional course readings in your group. On the off chance that understudies coincidentally take an additional book with them, you will have in all probability have lost that content for eternity. An understudy doesn't lift their hand yet gets out answers. Proper - The instructor doesn't react to the understudy who gets out and doesn't approach them.Inappropriate - The educator permits people to reply without raising their hands.Explanation - Requiring understudies to lift their hands is a significant piece of hold up time and successful addressing methods. In the event that you don't ceaselessly maintain this standard, at that point understudies will no longer lift their hands in class. An understudy utilizes a revile word in class. Proper - The educator reproves the understudy saying, Do not utilize that language.Inappropriate - The instructor overlooks the revile word.Explanation - Profanity ought to have no spot in the homeroom. In the event that you overlook it, understudies will observe and will keep on utilizing it in class. Note: Realize that if the irreverence was utilized against another person in the class, a type of harassing or harrassment, the outcomes ought to be more noteworthy than if a revile word just sneaks out. Record the occasion.

Accounts for Managers Competitive Economic Environment

Question: Portray about the Accounts for Managers for Competitive Economic Environment. Answer: Issue 1(i) The majority of the organizations working in the serious financial condition utilize broad techniques to expand their upper hand. One such procedure is the decrease in the creation rate in the different assembling process. Along these lines, associations utilize quicker procedures in the assembling territories. This technique can be actualized in the building procedure by decreasing the hold up times, administrator consideration, taking out the manual activities via computerization. The progress time can be constrained by profile pace of progress control. The handling time can likewise be diminished utilizing by supersede control. The handling time is likewise diminished through better location toward the end. The work process in understanding to designing should be acknowledged alongside following the reports to assess the client and money related fulfillment. A reasonable scorecard dependent on the data assembled is important to be made with the goal that the procedure can be quick er (Shen, and Liao, 2013). Along these lines, an effective observing of the procedure can result to decrease in the creation rate. The organization some portion of an association can be expanded through quality and adequacy of the correspondence, effectiveness and nature of the data recovery and capacity and a compelling procedure control. A decent connection between the organization and different divisions will result to a quicker procedure along these lines expanding the market potential for an association. Issue 1 (ii) An improvement in the nature of the creation rate is fundamental for the advancement of an association. The advantages of improved quality in an association are as per the following: Consumer loyalty: The improvement in the quality will result to an improved item and administrations and along these lines will result to a superior fulfillment among the purchasers as they can satisfy their longing by expending the item. The expansion in the fulfillment level will assist with creating client steadfastness towards the association accordingly holding a noteworthy piece of the overall industry. Benefit: Improvement in the quality will prompt higher deals for the firm and in this manner will prompt higher income in the market. The principle intention of each association is to procure benefit from the market and along these lines, improving the quality is fundamental (Yan,and Li, 2013). Altruism: The generosity of a firm will increment once the deals of the item offered by the firm increments. The firm will in this manner set up a spot in the market as a result of its expanded generosity and the clients will be pulled in towards buying their item. Proficiency: The effectiveness and the efficiency of the association will increment radically once the quality level grows along these lines expanding the profitability and diminishing the degree of mistakes in the assembling unit (Davenport, 2013). Representative Moral: The lesson of the workers increments once there is effective efficiency in the association. Proficient efficiency will get a decent workplace inside the association accordingly get agreement and harmony. A decent workplace will inspire the representatives to give out their best in this manner expanding the serious idea of the firm. Supportive in Decision-Making: The improvement in the creation rate will help in identifying the blunders regarding the creation procedure and therefore, the administration can settle on successful choices as for the creation in this manner actualizing new and better systems into the business. Issue 1(iii) Creation process are instrumental for any association to scale up proficiency of the representatives and assembling capacity in general yet expanding the pace of procedure may make issues and can diminish activities of the creation. Consequently, the potential issues emerging out of speeding up the procedure are as per the following: More spotlight on the Process as opposed to the individuals: In request to normalize and sterilize the degree of work in an association, the administration of a firm attempts to make each work proficient instead of individual. The administration cares for the procedures instead of the representatives to take care of any issues and it generally doesn't fill in as there comes up short on the vision and motivation. Overdependence on gatherings: Collaborative work process doesn't require an excessive number of gatherings for any kind of activity or choice. Gatherings will prompt ineffectualness of the representatives and the laborers as they are consistently in gatherings as opposed to working. Absence of clear Vision: It is significant for associations to keep up a reasonable vision, crucial systems. The organizations having an appropriate vision will lessen the degree of mistake in the creation. In any case, by expanding the creation procedure, the oversight of blunders diminishes (Gargani, and Strong, 2014). Overemphasize on the machines: With the expansion in the creation procedure, the hardware get overemphasized in this way oversight over the machines are important to keep up the nature of the item. Issue 2: Steve Smiths perception uncovers that decline in stock outcomes to increment in the deals for the association however XYZ doesn't perceive the reality yet just compensates the supervisor whose industrial facility has not expanded the deals yet has expanded the benefit through some other methods. The decrease in the stock is a decrease in stock and along these lines loss of wastage thus the manufacturing plant in Adelaide has really expanded deals however net benefit has not been made. The industrial facility in Brisbane is having a net benefit however the stock is low so the deal is less. Accordingly, it is seen that there exists an opportunity of stock blockage prompting wastage later on. the net benefit can be expanded by rising the cost of the item along these lines geberating benefit yet not expanding benefit. Be that as it may, Adelaide then again builds deals by keeping the value low accordingly not picking up benefit. Subsequently, it is fundamental that both the administrator s get a commission as one is picking up deals yet the other is giving benefit. There exist a ton of contentions when any association declares its bonus over the net benefits as it is observed that net benefit of a firm doesn't generally show the serious edge of a firm. The situation of a firm in the market is demonstrated from its deals and piece of the pie alongside net benefit. In this manner, net benefit can't be the main factor to decide the reward of chiefs (Steven, 2014). The net benefit can be controlled by changing the figures in the salary articulation and the incomes however the situation of a firm must be resolved through how much deals the firm delivers. On the off chance that net benefit turns into the main premise of reward installment, at that point all the chiefs will attempt to build net benefit without taking a gander at the organizations methodologies and in this way won't center around expanding the deals as much as benefit. Issue 3 (I) The material fluctuation and work differences are main considerations, which are vital for any association to decide its creation procedure and net revenue. As indicated by this issue, Dream Housing Ltd makes four styles of homes utilizing standard costing strategy. It is additionally discovered that the material differences are good concerning work changes, which is ominous. The work proficiency change shows gauges the capacity of work to perform as indicated by the desire. This difference is valuable to decide the creation procedure territories that utilization more work than anticipated. A negative change shows that the proficiency of work has diminished because of lacking work guidelines, in balance with the standard blend of representatives and the genuine blend of representatives present. Such an occurrence additionally happens because of deficient preparing as the preparation was not as indicated by the real level. Work difference is helpful in understanding the real measure of time required for assembling an item and thusly a good work fluctuation would show effective degree of creation alongside quality items (Fisher, and Krumwiede, 2015). Material fluctuation then again shows the real measure of material utilized and the standard sum anticipated for use. It relies on the piece measure of material, material quality, deterioration and the transportation utilized for move. A great material difference shows that the measure of deterioration and wastage of the materials alongside less piece of the materials. The real measure of utilized material is nearer to the normal sum in this way, bringing down the expense of materials. Issue 3 (ii) The examination of the creation costs and the factors remembered for the assembling procedure of an association is useful in understanding the breakeven purpose of the association. The breakeven examination attempts to assess the connection between the breakeven volume and the significant differences engaged with the assembling procedure in particular the work and material fluctuation. The investigation in this manner encourages the administration to discover the approaches to expand the great state of work and measures which can be taken to persuade the works to remain in the association and give their ideal best to the association (Isberg, and Pitta, 2013). The material difference is great in the ideal organization and in this way measures to hold and improve the utilization of material and decrease in the waste and decay of materials. Issue 4 (I) Points of interest A B Cost/Unit-A Cost/Unit-B Direct materials 260,000 360,000 13 12 Direct work 40,000 60,000 2 2 Variable overhead 60,000 75,000 3 2.5 Variable selling and regulatory cost 60,000 60,000 3 2 All out factor costs 420,000 555,000 21 18.5 Issue 4 (ii) The purpose for spending plan A having significant expenses and low gauge of deals are because of the selling cost evaluated for the item. On the off chance that the selling cost is nearer to the expense of products sold t

Iranian Holocaust Denial - Free Essay Example

Phillips, Iran’s International Holocaust Cartoon Contest epitomizes the country’s trend of Holocaust denial and delegitimization of Iranian Jewry. Founded on nationalistic and anti-Zionist notions, the modern state of Iran has maintained antisemitism since its post-Holocaust conception. Ayatollah Khomeini, founder of The Islamic Republic of Iran, asserts that Jews are surrogates of Western imperialism, at fault for displacing Palestinian Muslims . Another ?Shiite 1 religious leader ?Ayatollah Ali Khamenei commented in his official 2014 Nowruz address, â€Å"the Holocaust is an event whose reality is uncertain and if it has happened, it’s uncertain how it has happened.† Iran’s International Holocaust Cartoon Contest serves as a hallmark of antisemitism 2 and Holocaust denial in Iran and has vast implications for present-day Iranian Jews. Following the Holocaust, the former Persian Empire which had been a safe-space for Jews rapidly turned to antisemitism and persecution of its Jewish citizens, the new Islamic Republic of Iran making public its anti-Zionist and anti-Jewish views. Persian Government during the Holocaust: Seeds for Modern Antisemitism The Persian government’s role during the Holocaust was integral in modern Iran’s turn towards antisemitism. The present-day Iranian government actively retains information about the Holocaust from its people, including Persian history during World War II, despite its devastating consequences. The modern government intentionally spreads false information in order to bolster Holocaust denial. On International Holocaust Remembrance Day 2016, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei released a video titled â€Å"Holocaust: Are the Dark Ages Over? on his website, questioning the Nazi mass slaughter of more than six million Jews during World War II. He commented, No one in European countries dares to speak about the Holocaust, while it is not clear whether the core of this matter is clear or not. Even if it is a reality, it is not clear how it happened. Speaking about the Holocaust and expressing doubts about it is conside red to be a great sin. If someone does this, they stop, arrest, imprison, and sue him. This is while they claim to be the supporters of freedom. This is the ignorance that exists in today’s world. The modern government’s overt denial of the Holocaust takes its roots in Persian involvement during World War II and creates a milieu for antisemitism to flourish within the country itself. Before the Holocaust, Persian Jews held religious autonomy, economic opportunities, and significant political rights, the government even pronouncing that Persian Jews were to be 5 viewed as fully assimilated Persian citizens. Although Nazi ideology insisted on racial inferiority of the inhabitants of the Middle East and directly targeted the Persian people, Reza Shah leaned 6 in sympathy towards Germany because of the country’s lack of interference with Persian legislature in the past. German and Persian governments bolstered one another and by 1940–41, 7 nearly half of all Iranian imports came from Germany and 42% of all Iranian exports went to Germany. Nazi ideology and antisemitism caused Persian upset. Germany worked to spread the view that 9 Hitler could be seen as the Shiite Messiah, sent from God to destroy the Jews and Communists. 10 Hitler was compared to the Prophet Mohammed, Persian propagandists portraying Prophet Mohammed’s clashes with Jewish tribes to Persian and German hostilities toward Great Britain and the Soviet Union. Occupied by Great Britain, Persia struggled to maintain its land-holdings and legislature. Following the 1942 Tripartite Treaty of Alliance between Persia, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain the latter two promised to withdraw from Persian territory within six months of the end of the war. Persian then effectively withdrew its support of the Axis Powers. Iran’s declaration of 12 war on Germany in 1943 ended with instability within the Iranian sociopolitical economy, Persians blaming their suffering on the ‘reason’ for the war in the first place: the Jews. Modern Iranian A ntisemitism and the International Holocaust Cartoon Contest In the modern Middle East, antisemitism has acquired social acceptability under the guise of historical between Muslims and Jews. Because the Islamic Republic of Iran contains the 13 largest Jewish community in the Middle East outside of Israel, its government and local citizenry both claim that it could not be anti semitic, while simultaneously administering blatantly antisemetic legislation and fostering a largely anti-Jewish milieu. 14 The modern Iranian Government plays a crucial role in media distortion and Holocaust Denial. Leaders from Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, who opened an Iranian Al?Quds Day rally dismissing the fact that six million Jews died during World War II as â€Å"Zionist propaganda† , to 15 Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who met with French Holocaust denier Roger Garaudy, author of â€Å"The Founding Myths ? of Modern Israel† in which he details â€Å"the myth of the six million† Jewish 16 victims , the roots of Iranian antisemitism stem from its government. Changes within Iranian 17 political or religious administration have not significantly affected antisemetic views or distortion of the Holocaust by the state, but rather Holocaust denial has been a constant thread throughout modern Iranian history. The Holocaust cartoon competitions are a crucial piece of religious propaganda directly overseen by Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. In 2006, an Iranian government-aligned newspaper Hamshahri? sponsored The International Holocaust Cartoon Contest, which announced its intent to analyze â€Å"Western hypocrisy on freedom of speech.† Although publicly portrayed as a 18 reaction to Western cartoons of the Prophet Mohammed, the contest worked to scaffold anti-Zionist agendas and was intended both to inflate Holocaust denial and to condemn and deny legitimacy to Israel. ?Hamshahri?, a propaganda-?oriented institution financed by the city of Tehran, received almost one thousand, one hundred and ninety-three submissions from more 19 sixty countries around the world. 20 Social representations of Jews and Israel are constructed around denying the Holocaust and framing â€Å"Nazi-Zionist Ideology.† The contest’s anti-Semitic overtones present a one-sided 21 version of the Israe li-Palestinian conflict and of Jewish history, and has the potential to implicate negative views of Jews in Iran. In support of the contest, Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif asserted that there exist some Holocaust deniers who do not harbor â€Å"racial hatred,† and 22 that the displaying of Holocaust-denying cartoons does not necessarily concern execration towards the Jews. In 2016, Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif asserted that the Iranian Government did not endorse the 2006 contest and that no governmental permission was necessary in order to have held it, aiming to separate the religious and legislative institutions from its antisemitism. 23 However, the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance later released a statement that it bolsters any event or program that serves to â€Å"enlighten people about the Holocaust,† implying its 24 affiliation with the contest. The same year, another exhibition opened in Islamic Propaganda Organization in Tehran, featuring one hundred and fifty cartoons from the 11th Tehran International Cartoon Biennial. Despite some Iranian cartoonists denouncing the 2006 and 2016 exhibitions as propaganda tactics, Iranian groups and civilians have been silent as a whole. 25 Although the contest spokesperson claimed that the objective of the contest was to criticize â€Å"inconsistent freedom of expression† in c ountries that support Zionism† , the purpose 26 of these contests was to deny Holocaust and bolster antisemitism operating under direct orders of Supreme Leader Khamenei. In charge of arranging the 2016 competition, Masoud Shojayee Tabatabayee insisted that the goal of the competition was â€Å" not to confirm or to deny the Holocaust† despite stating the reason for the 2006 competition was â€Å"to show that the Holocaust is a big lie for the occupation of Palestine.† The submitted cartoons themselves fall into six 27 distinct categories (see descriptions of cartoon winners in appendix): Fabricating a present-day Holocaust committed by Israel Portraying Zionism as comparable to Nazism Claiming Israel appropriates the Holocaust to justify killing Palestinians Depicting the Holocaust as a myth to legitimize the founding of Israel Representing the Holocaust as a myth in general Rendering that the West fabricates ideas of freedom of speech These cartoons serve as propaganda, intentionally portraying overt hate-speech as fact. Depictions of Jews and Israel in the muslim World has been constructed, according to Joel Kotek, over centuries as â€Å"antisemyths,† which he defines as myths constructing a false â€Å"evil† nature of Jews. 30 This propaganda is permanently institutionalized in the Islamic Republic of Iran because it serves many sociopolitical functions. Firstly, it helps to unite citizens in hatred towards a specific group of people instead of mobilizing against unpopular Iranian leaders. Secondly, the Iranian Constitution itself allows for distortion of media. Its preamble and article 175 justify, The mass ? communication media, radio, and television must serve the diffusion of Islamic culture in pursuit of the evolutionary course of the Islamic Revolution†¦ the appointment and dismissal of the head of the Radio and Television of the Islamic Republic of Iran rests with the Leader. This allows for indoctrination of government-run radio, television, and press, allowing for propaganda to permeate Iranian media. Cartoons as propaganda allow the government to avoid responsibility while also permitting manipulation of a medium used to exaggerate reality. In his piece ?Israel in the Iranian Media: Demonizing the ‘Zionist Regime’?, Rusi Jaspal describes â€Å"Social Representations Theory† in specific relation to understanding social thinking, communication and behaviour 32 surrounding Jews and the Holocaust in Iran. In general, social representations can be described as views or practices regarding a given object, creating a common reality within a society. Furthermore, he argues that delegitimizing social representations of Jews in Iranian media create a negative social â€Å"reality,† further cultivating Iranian antisemitism. The cartoons of the International Holocaust Cartoon Contests intentionally manipulate 33 popular social representa tions of Jews in Iran to exacerbate pre-existing antisemitic views. For 34 example, Tallil Abdellatif draws a smiling Jew drawing the blue lines of a concentration camp uniform. Another cartoon by Ebrahim Azad illustrates a line of Palestinians walking into an 35 incinerator, depicted as a head wearing a large hat with a Star of David . These cartoons portray 36 the Holocaust as a fabricated event, attempting to legitimize the Holocaust as a hoax. 37 Additionally, the frequent depiction of Jews as Nazis and of Zionism as comparable with Nazi ideology stem from the false believed of an international conspiracy to the construct the â€Å"Holocaust myth.† Even cartoons which do depict the Holocaust as a reality illustrate it as a 38 tool for â€Å"Zionist for evil and aggressive purposes, which is consistent with the threat representation.† The fuel for these representations comes from an already prevalent social 39 representation of Jews as falsifying their suffering. De spite the fact that some of the cartoonists are not Iranian, submitting their works to a government-funded contest fuels the Iranian ideological discourse surrounding Jews and the Holocaust. The Islamic Republic of Iran’s endorsement of the contest, scaffolded by its ability to partake in propaganda efforts, created the perceived need to publicize antisemitic â€Å"views† internationally. This goal was met through international participation, publicity, and dissemination of cartoons. Iran after The International Holocaust Cartoon Contest Iran continues to be an international cite for Holocaust deniers and antisemites. A conference held to discuss the legitimacy of the Holocaust was sponsored by the Iranian government, the head of the Iranian Foreign Ministry’s Institute for Political and International Studies Rasoul Mousavi beginning the conference by praising the â€Å"opportunity for scholars to discuss the subject away from Western taboos and the restriction imposed on them [Holocaust deniers] in Europe.† Among the conference’s attendees were David Duke, white-supremacist 40 and former Ku Klux Klan leader, and Georges Thiel, a French writer who has been prosecuted in France over his denials of the Holocaust. Bendikt Frings, a German psychologist, commented 41 on the conference, â€Å"we are forbidden to have such a conference in Germany†¦ All my childhood, we waited for something like this.† Displayed on the walls within the co nference were photos 42 of dead camp prisoners, with captions asserting that the victims died of typhus. ?Following the conference, Ladan Boroumand, an Iranian exile, discussed Iranian denial with Daniel Greene of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. She says, What totalitarian regimes do is to—and this is what makes them extremely devastating—is they look at you and say, You are not. Or, You are something else. Or, This event didnt exist. This power, that is only Gods power. If a regime, or some people, think they are God, they can have the right to make you animals or human. They can create you or kill you. And this is unbearable. So the only thing you can do—and the most subversive thing you can do—is to tell the truth. This is devastating because each time you come back with the truth, you deny their prerogative of creating a fictitious world where they can say whatever they want. Boroumand describes Holocaust denial both as a foundation of neo-Nazi culture and intrinsic in the Iranian totalitarian regime. In their book ?Iranian Jews, ?Hasan Sarbakhshian and Parvaneh Vahidmanesh detail current Iranian antisemitism, documenting legislative discrimination, rhetoric, and a vastly diminishing Jewish population. Following ignored submissions of their report, the Culture Minister accused Sarbakhshian and Vahidmanesh of pro-Israel propaganda. They accused Vahidmanesh of converting to Judaism a capital crime under Islamic law and revoked their press passes.

Asthma Symptoms, Causes, Treatment - Free Essay Example

Current research demonstrates a variety of conflicting information regarding the impact of Asthma on oral health.1 An analysis of the existing literature demonstrated one conclusive result; Asthma doubles risk of caries.1 Asthma is currently classified based on the severity of the condition and how well it is controlled.2 The current classifications are: Controlled, partially controlled, uncontrolled. A patient with controlled asthma will demonstrate minimal symptoms with no restrictions on activity, near normal lung function with worsening and less controlled cases falling into the other categories.2 Recommendations to the dental professional are that the classification of a patients asthma should be assessed and noted at each appointment. 2 Medications used to manage asthma include inhaled cortical steroids, beta-2 agonists, anti-cholinergic drugs.2 Inhaled mast cell stabilizers, oral anti-leukotriene agents, systemic corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies.2 There are few medicatio ns used by dental professionals that are contraindicated in patients with Asthma.2 Aspirin, due its ubiquity of use and potential for harm is a primary concern. Approximately 7%-14% of asthma patients have Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease, which can trigger fatal anaphylaxis.2 Other NSAIDS have demonstrated cross-sensitivity with aspirin in asthma patients and should thus be avoided.2 Opioids are also contraindicated because they lead to respiratory depression and histamine release, potentially causing a severe attack.2 Paracetamol is drug of choice for pain relief in patients with asthma because of the previously noted contraindications.2 Dental antibiotic prescribing has generally not been found to have contraindications, and most antibiotics do not interfere with asthma treatment.2 Of note, Macrolides like erythromycin should be avoided because they can lead to toxic levels of methylxanthine in the blood.2 Many fluoride varnishes contain the ingredient colophony which is contraindicated in children with severe asthma.2 This ingredient can result in a reaction requiring hospitalization.2 The use of local anesthetics have inclusive r ecommendations, sodium metabisulphate, a common ingredient in anesthetics causing vasoconstriction has been shown to produce reactions in asthma sufferers.2 The severity of reaction varies and is uncommon, likely because the amount of sulfite is small.2 Further it has been shown that around 96% of asthmatics are not sensitive to sulfites.2 Local anesthetics can be used, however caution is advised and only anesthetics without vasoconstrictors should be used.2 According to the literature identification and management of an acute attack is as follows: A severe acute asthma attack may present as breathlessness and expiratory wheeze.2 The child may not manage to complete a sentence or may be too breathless to feed. Respiratory rate may be 40/min (2â€Å"5yrs) or 30 (5 yrs). Heart rate may also be increased at 140/min (2â€Å"5 yrs) and 125/ min (5 yrs). In the case of a life threatening attack the patient may present with cyanosis, reduced respiratory effort, reduced heart rate, neuro logical signs such as confusion, or reduced consciousness or loss of consciousness. Assess airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure. If the patient is conscious, sit them upright and administer two puffs of a short-acting beta agonist (salbutamol 100 mcg/puff inhaler) and repeat if necessary. If the patient is unable to use the inhaler appropriately, administer the drug using a spacer device. Administer oxygen at 15/L minute. If there is no improvement, or the asthma attack is severe, phone for an ambulance. If the patient loses consciousness, begin cardio-pulmonary resuscitation2. It is commonplace for children to translate for adults who may be less fluent in English, also called language brokering.3 Often the children must translate topics that are beyond their maturity and comprehension.3 Among these topics are healthcare considerations, and their ability to translate is critical for the health, well-being, and normal functioning of the family.3 Studies are mixed regarding the effect language brokering has on the child, with some studies demonstrating negative effects on mental health and scholastic performance, and others demonstrating positive academic and self-esteem effects.3 This can vary due to family dynamics and individual characteristics.3 One study found a particularly strong correlation between being a language broker between the ages of 9 and 13 and negative mental health effects.3 The researchers suggested additional support for language brokers and particularly within this age category in order to alleviate stress and prevent negative impact t o the mental and emotional well-being of the broker.3 Informed consent must be obtained for any patient.4 If however, the patient is under 18 they cannot give consent. Parent or legal guardian must give consent to treat.4 This is complicated if parents are divorced or if minor is brought to appointment by a nanny or other caregiver that is not legally empowered to give consent.4 It is recommended that a parent of legal guardian accompany a minor patient to a first appointment and that an agreement is reached, and confirmed in writing about when parental/guardian presence is required at an appointment.4 In certain conditions a minor may provide consent for themselves.4 For dental treatment a legally emancipated minor or a situationally emancipated minor may provide consent themselves.4 In the case of an emergency where a delay in treatment could be life threatening to the patient and no parent or legal guardian is present, consent can be assumed.4 Any subsequent treatment however, must receive consent.4 When Sophia and her Grandmother arrive at the clinic the very first thing that must be done, while she and her grandmother are filling out her medical history, is to contact her parents and determine if her Grandmother is able to provide consent as Sophia is a minor and unable to provide consent for herself. After consent has been granted, her Asthma should be assessed and classified both by asking Sophia questions regarding when her last attack was and how she is responding to medication, and by contacting the physician that diagnosed her. It would be best if the provider and the staff were fluent in Spanish, but if none of the employees are fluent, having a translator on-call who is competent to translate dental and medical terminology to Sophias grandmother would be the next best option. Alleviating Sophia of the need and stress of translating, especially as it will become more difficult for her to do so while she is being examined and treated. Her long term prognosis is that her diagnosis of Asthma increases her likelihood of caries and other oral issues. She should be counseled on why this occurs, and what she needs to do in her daily life to reduce the possibility. The current state of decay speaks to the impact her Asthma is already having and it needs to be impressed upon her, her grandmother and her parents that it is absolutely critical she is vigilant about her oral health and regular about cleanings and check-ups. The clinic should keep in stock products that are asthma patient friendly, including fluoride varnish without colophony and local anesthetics. Sophia and her family needs to be advised that she cannot be given Aspirin or any NSAIDs, and only prescribed paracetamol for pain. As well as noting these drug concerns in her chart, it must also include the prohibition again prescribing macrolides for infections. Finally a procedure should be in place and practiced in how to identify a severe Asthma attack and how to respond, including having her bring her rescue inhaler, having her PCPs contact information readily available, and oxygen readily accessible. The response should be practiced so the staff is prepared for any patient that suffers an asthma attack, especially one who may not be diagnosed as asthmatic.

The Pros and Cons of Pornography Essay - 951 Words

For centuries, humans have been creating explicit images to depict their sexual fantasies and desires. Times have drastically changed, however, since the first known sex guide, Kama Sutra, was illustrated in 5th-century India (King 412). The selling of sexually explicit material is a multibillion dollar industry (King 411). Today, with just the click of a mouse, millions world-wide are able to access pornography and see their sexual fantasies come to life (King 418). According to King, â€Å"One third of all use of the internet is connected to porn sites,† (419). With explicit sexual material nearly impossible to avoid, it may be difficult to decipher between what is normal sexual behavior and what is merely fantasy. There is belief that the†¦show more content†¦It is no wonder that many women think negatively about most pornographic material. After viewing pornography, women tend to feel less confident and insecure about their bodies (King, 2012). If pornography is degrading and uncomfortable for women to watch, why have 41% of women intentionally viewed porn (King, 2012)? Contrary to the anti-pornography feminism movement, proponents of pornography believe that porn â€Å"liberates women† and allows them to take part in â€Å"less traditional† sexual behavior (Evans-Cicco, 2012). Some women agree with this claim and use porn to explore their own sexuality (Paul 2012). Pornography for these women is a resource. It is a method for them to discover new sex positions and â€Å"ways to act sexy† (Paul 2012). According to Paul, a â€Å"[change] in women’s expectations and attitudes toward their sexuality are driving women to pornography.† This statement indicates that some women want to replicate acts that are presented in pornographic material. It may also suggest that women believe sexual behaviors used in pornography are not only the norm, but expected. To discover if women and men’s attitudes about female sexuality have been influenced by pornography, I will conduct interviews based on the strategies that Sterk used when interviewing prostitutes. Sterk made it easier for the women to speak about this difficult topic by first building relationships with them. She also promoted conversations andShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Pornography887 Words   |  4 PagesMacKinnon asserts that pornography is ‘more act-like than thought-like’. In other words, it is an illocutionary act, in which the act of expression itself constitutes the intended action of silencing and subordinating women. It silences women by privileging the male perspective to such an extent that the female perspective disappears; it subordinates women by placing them in the role of a mere object to be used for the sexual satisfaction of men, thus enabling men to exert power over women. TheRead MorePros And Cons Of Pornography731 Words   |  3 PagesLuke Smith Mrs. Keeth English II 1 November, 2017 Pornography Positives According to the article â€Å"Is Porn a Threat to Public Health?† â€Å"The average age at which boys first see porn has dropped to 10 1/2† (Lo, par. 2). Many Americans would see this statistic as problematic and believe such exposure harms young people. However, there are several reasons why that is incorrect. Benefits of exposure to pornography include the minimal risks of sexual behavior and watching porn, the criminalization of seriousRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of the Criminalization of Pornography1906 Words   |  8 PagesThe Pros and Cons of the Criminalization of Pornography Americans were alternatively shocked, alarmed and delighted when Marilyn Monroe appeared on the cover of the first Playboy magazine in 1953. Since that time, the debate over pornography has become increasingly heated, due in large part to critics who argue that the medium debases women and teaches young people the wrong lessons about human sexuality. To gain some fresh insights about these issues, this paper provides a review of the relevantRead MoreEssay about The Pros and Cons of Internet Pornography1174 Words   |  5 PagesDating back all the way to the 1980’s, before the internet, pornography was still a very popular and readily accessible phenomenon sweeping the nation. Many groups have tried to shut down the whole institution for the stigma it has of being very distasteful and obscene. These groups, including feminists, religious groups, and even the Reagan administration, for years, have been working toward legislation to outlaw pornography.(Suderman) What they donâ⠂¬â„¢t realize is that they are actually trying toRead More Got Internet Pornography? Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesGot Internet Pornography? Pornography is viewed differently by everyone. Is pornography as bad as it is made out to be? What if it is that persons outlet from reality, just like smoking, drinking, snowboarding, skiing. Is it hurting anyone. Some say it is degrading to women. Do those women that do it think it is degrading. If they did they wouldn’t do it. There are several different types of pornography in the world. It started in art where we had sculptures of Aphrodite naked, we had many artistsRead MoreFeminism and Pornography: Differing Views1221 Words   |  5 PagesThe pornography debate has been an issue within the feminist movement that has been pushed to the periphery in recent times. It is not as widely seen on the main stage of the feminist agenda and this may be because of a division in feminist thought with regards to pornography. Generally speaking, there are â€Å"pro-sex† feminists who believe that women have the right to do what they wish with their bodies and there are â€Å" pro-censorship† feminists who believe pornography is inherently degrading and violentRead MoreCause Of Social Media Essay702 Words   |  3 Pagessocial media to increase knowledge. Social media can be a daily entertainment. if humans depend on social media then humans will not be able to let go. Human daily will depend on social media. Social media can give a effect or impact. There is pro and contra. Pro of socal media is humans can interact with foreign, and new information, assist in getting jobs, can help teen used technology, and easier to study. For the children, they can get a information from youtube. Kids love funny things like slimeRead MorePros For The Advancement Of Technology921 Words   |  4 Pagesand bring information from your fingertips to your eyes in a matter of seconds. The list of pros for the advancement of technology is almost endless and the cons may not be as large. Depending on your parenting style, the pros and cons could be switched around for those families. While the advantages are numerous the disadvantages and dangers can be just as long. Some of those dangers include pornography, racist propaganda, child predators and violent material just to name a few. Without taking anRead MoreInternet Censorship Of China, South Africa And Other Countries1851 Words   |  8 Pagesflow of chil d pornography, curbing false information, or putting a nation’s interests first), it can be viewed as bad from another perspective (in terms of cutting down on the opportunity to inform sides of a dialogue, promoting free exchange of ideas, or discussing why one form of pornography is allowed but not another). This paper will show why Internet censorship can be interpreted in both positive and negative ways depending on the perspective that one adopts (whether one is pro-Statist or anti-Statist)Read MoreAre Child Beauty Pageants Exploitative?1236 Words   |  5 Pagestheir future outlook on life, and it is a form of abuse. Part of society says that beauty pageants are not necessarily a bad thing, but there are the good and bad parts. All in all, pageants promote self-esteem and build instant self-confidence (Pros and Cons of Child Beauty Pageants). It is beneficial to the child’s self-esteem in a way that it helps the child to step out of their comfort zone and overcome their shyness. This gives the child the confidence they need to showcase their talents as well

World War II Fighter Grumman F6F Hellcat

Having begun production of their successful F4F Wildcat fighter, Grumman began work on a successor aircraft in the months before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. In creating the new fighter, Leroy Grumman and his chief engineers, Leon Swirbul and Bill Schwendler, sought to improve upon their previous creation by designing an aircraft which was more powerful with better performance. The result was a preliminary design for an entirely new aircraft rather than an enlarged F4F. Interested in a follow-on aircraft to the F4F, the US Navy signed a contract for a prototype on June 30, 1941. With the US entry into World War II in December 1941, Grumman began utilizing data from the F4Fs early combats against the Japanese. By assessing the Wildcats performance against the Mitsubishi A6M Zero, Grumman was able to design its new aircraft to better counter the nimble enemy fighter. To aid in this process, the company also consulted noted combat veterans such as Lieutenant Commander Butch OHare who provided insight based on his firsthand experiences in the Pacific. The initial prototype, designated XF6F-1, was intended to be powered by the Wright R-2600 Cyclone (1,700 hp), however, information from testing and the Pacific led it to be given the more powerful 2,000 hp Pratt Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp turning a three-bladed Hamilton Standard propeller. A Cyclone-powered F6F first flew on June 26, 1942, while the first Double Wasp-equipped aircraft (XF6F-3) followed on July 30. In early trials, the latter showed a 25% improvement in performance. Though somewhat similar in appearance to the F4F, the new F6F Hellcat was much larger with a low-mounted wing and higher cockpit to improve visibility. Armed with six .50 cal. M2 Browning machine guns, the aircraft was intended to be highly durable and possessed a wealth of armor to protect the pilot and vital parts of the engine as well as self-sealing fuel tanks. Other changes from the F4F included powered, retractable landing gear which had a wide stance to improve the aircrafts landing characteristics. Production and Variants Moving into production with the F6F-3 in late 1942, Grumman quickly showed that the new fighter was easy to build. Employing around 20,000 workers, Grummans plants began to produce Hellcats at a rapid rate. When Hellcat production ended in November 1945, a total of 12,275 F6Fs had been built. During the course of production, a new variant, the F6F-5, was developed with production commencing in April 1944. This possessed a more powerful R-2800-10W engine, a more streamlined cowling, and numerous other upgrades including a flat armored-glass front panel, spring-loaded control tabs, and a reinforced tail section. The aircraft was also modified for use as the F6F-3/5N night fighter. This variant carried the AN/APS-4 radar in a fairing built into the starboard wing. Pioneering naval night fighting, F6F-3Ns claimed their first victories in November 1943. With the arrival of the F6F-5 in 1944, a night fighter variant was developed from the type. Employing the same AN/APS-4 radar system as the F6F-3N, the F6F-5N also saw some changes to the aircrafts armament with some replacing the inboard .50 cal machine guns with a pair of 20 mm cannon. In addition to the night fighter variants, some F6F-5s were fitted with camera equipment to serve as reconnaissance aircraft (F6F-5P).​ Handling Versus the Zero Largely intended for defeating the A6M Zero, the F6F Hellcat proved faster at all altitudes with a slightly better climb rate over 14,000 ft, as well as was a superior diver. Though the American aircraft could roll faster at high speeds, the Zero could out-turn the Hellcat at lower speeds as well as could climb faster at lower altitudes. In combating the Zero, American pilots were advised to avoid dogfights and to utilize their superior power and high-speed performance. As with the earlier F4F, the Hellcat proved capable of sustaining a great deal more damage than its Japanese counterpart. Operational History Reaching operational readiness in February 1943, the first F6F-3s were assigned to VF-9 aboard USS Essex (CV-9). The F6F first saw combat on August 31, 1943, during an attack on Marcus Island. It scored its first kill the next day when Lieutenant (jg) Dick Loesch and Ensign A.W. Nyquist from USS Independence (CVL-22) downed a Kawanishi H8K Emily flying boat. On October 5-6, the F6F saw its first major combat during a raid on Wake Island. In the engagement, the Hellcat quickly proved superior to the Zero. Similar results were produced in November during attacks against Rabaul and in support of the invasion of Tarawa. In the latter fight, the type claimed 30 Zeros downed for the loss of one Hellcat. From late 1943 forward, the F6F saw action during every major campaign of the Pacific war. Quickly becoming the backbone of the US Navys fighter force, the F6F achieved one of its best days during the Battle of the Philippine Sea on June 19, 1944. Dubbed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot, the battle saw US Navy fighters down massive numbers of Japanese aircraft while sustaining minimal losses. In the final months of the war, the Kawanishi N1K George proved a more formidable opponent for the F6F but it was not produced in significant enough numbers to mount a meaningful challenge to the Hellcats dominance. During the course of World War II, 305 Hellcat pilots became aces, including US Navy top scorer Captain David McCampbell (34 kills). Downing seven enemy aircraft on June 19, he added nine more on October 24. For these feats, he was awarded the Medal of Honor. During its service in World War II, the F6F Hellcat became the most successful naval fighter of all time with a total of 5,271 kills. Of these, 5,163 were scored by US Navy and US Marine Corps pilots against a loss of 270 Hellcats. This resulted in a remarkable kill ratio of 19:1. Designed as a Zero Killer, the F6F maintained a kill ratio of 13:1 against the Japanese fighter. Assisted during the war by the distinctive Chance Vought F4U Corsair, the two formed a lethal duo. With the end of the war, the Hellcat was phased out of service as the new F8F Bearcat began to arrive. Other Operators During the war, the Royal Navy received a number of Hellcats through Lend-Lease. Initially known as the Gannet Mark I, the type saw action with Fleet Air Arm squadrons in Norway, the Mediterranean, and the Pacific. During the conflict, British Hellcats downed 52 enemy aircraft. In combat over Europe, it was found to be on par with the German Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Focke-Wulf Fw 190. In the postwar years, the F6F remained in a number of second-line duties with the US Navy and was also flown by the French and Uruguayan navies. The latter used the aircraft up until the early 1960s. F6F-5 Hellcat Specifications General Length:  33 ft. 7 in. Wingspan:  42 ft. 10 in.Height:  13 ft. 1 in.Wing Area:  334 sq. ft.Empty Weight:  9,238 lbs.Loaded Weight:  12,598 lbs.Maximum Takeoff Weight:  15,514 lbs.Crew:  1 Performance Maximum Speed:  380 mphCombat Radius:  945 milesRate of Climb:  3,500 ft./min.Service Ceiling:  37,300 ft.Power Plant:  1Ãâ€" Pratt Whitney R-2800-10W Double Wasp engine with a two-speed two-stage supercharger, 2,000 hp Armament 6Ãâ€" 0.50 cal. M2 Browning machine guns6 Ãâ€" 5 in (127 mm) HVARs or 2 Ãâ€" 11 ¾ in Tiny Tim unguided rocketsup to 2,000 lbs. of bombs Sources World War II Database: F6F HellcatAce Pilots: F6F HellcatMilitary Factory: F6F Hellcat

A Study On Cystic Fibrosis - 1843 Words

Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease that limits one’s ability to breathe, affects mostly the lungs but also can have a damaging effect on the intestine, kidneys, liver, and pancreas. The name cystic fibrosis comes from the characteristic fibrosis and cysts that form within the pancreas. It is a life-threatening illness, which afflicts around 30,000 people in the United States and about 70,000 worldwide, with approximately 1,000 new cases being diagnosed each year and more than 75 percent of those people being diagnosed by the age of two. Nearly half of the cystic fibrosis population is over 18 years of age, and the life expectancy is between 37 to 50 years old. The ailment, commonly referred to as CF, is a recessive disease, so both†¦show more content†¦One such hypothesis is the heterozygote advantage. Sickle cell anemia, a similar autosomal recessive disease, illustrates this hypothesis. It has been found to protect carriers from other diseases, and it has been spec ulated that people with CF are similarly resistant to certain diseases like cholera and typhoid, which could be why the disease has prevailed for so long. Stemming from a genetic mutation with a membrane pore, or channel that helps to facilitate the transport of bicarbonate electrolytes and chloride from between the inside and the outside of the cell, cystic fibrosis and its inherent symptoms are caused by the loss of the pore channel, which results in inflammation and mucus accumulation. Dehydration of the cell surface also occurs. Normally, cells have a cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator channel that influences fluid secretion in epithelial cells. When this channel is mutated, there is a decrease in the flow of ions and water, and this results in dehydrated mucous that affects breathing. This in turn causes lethal bacterial infections by blocking ducts within the lungs. The most common mutation of the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator is F508del-CFTR. This mutation creates a misprocessed protein that rapidly degrades as it is abnormally retained in the endoplasmic reticulum compartment, therefore making it absent in the plas ma membrane

Taking a Look at the Monash University - 896 Words

Monash University is on the global scene a growing university which was established in 1958 in Clayton, Australia. Furthermore, apart from the five campuses in Australia, it has managed to grow tremendously on the international platform with five campuses affiliated to it spread across the world, in India, China, South Africa, Italy and Malaysia, at the same time linked to the Monash website. This essay will make an attempt to provide a critical analysis of the Monash website and the current affiliation with Laureate group of universities. Firstly, an analysis of Monash around the world link will be explored. Secondly, an attempt to discuss the affiliation of Monash South Africa University as part of the Laureate family with respect to the Monash website will be made. Thirdly, the business processes and functions of Monash South Africa University will be examined. Following this, a critical analysis of Monash South Africa and the use of social media will be explored. Finally, a concl usion will be drawn based on the analysis of the issues discussed in this essay together with my own opinion. The Monash website provides a platform to access information of any of its affiliated campuses via the Monash around the world link. Moreover, the most important aspect of any website is usability of the site. Furthermore, a website should not be extremely different from other websites as users spend most their time on other sites, hence they expect what is commonly done on other sitesShow MoreRelated Embryonic Stem Cell Research Essay1451 Words   |  6 Pagesof a human embryo at any stage of growth, including the initial zygote stage, is seen as an inhumane act where by a life is taken prematurely and unjustifiably. (Savulesu, 2006) With this in mind one must consider the moral status of an embryo; taking into consideration its right to life. The fact that unused human embryos, a product of IVF, are kept in indefinite preservation is accepted more widely than their use in ES cell research. An embryo in long term storage will eventually perish, orRead MoreDrug Use And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1302 Words   |  6 Pagesalternative treatments are available, Ritalin should not be used as a first solution in the treatment of behavioural problems in children. Ritalin should not be used as a first option due to the ongoing side effects that some children suffer from taking this medication. There are many adverse effects associated with the use of Ritalin, some of these include inability to sleep, stomach pains, loss of appetite, headaches, anxiety, dizziness, restlessness and slow growth (Schriever 2012). More worryingRead MoreThe Application of Scientific Management in Today’s Organisations1749 Words   |  7 Pagesbe taught by managers (Whyte, 1969, p.5) is embraced by McDonald’s. It has its own university; the Hamburger University, which â€Å"provides operations and business management training for restaurant managers, franchisees, mid-level managers, and corporate executives†. www.mcdonalds.com Moreover Yum! Brands, Inc., whose portfolio includes KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell and so on, also has its own university; Yum! University, for training purposes. Next is the task aspect, which means â€Å"the work of everyRead MoreCase Study Iia Australia and New Zealand: Doing Business with Indonesia1555 Words   |  7 Pagesconsumption drives the economy but exports are thriving, and therein lay opportunities for Australia and New Zealand. Indonesia is a country of more than 17,000 islands and the world’s largest Muslim nation. In her lecture, Dr. Joan Hardjonoof of Monash University discussed the historical and geographic contexts of modern Indonesia. She spoke of the many clusters of islands worldwide that have come together as nation states—for example, the Philippines and some island groups in the Pacific—but describedRead MoreThe Cultural Bias in Intelligence Tests2939 Words   |  12 Pagesresearches into how the reliability and validity of an ability test may differ when assessed on groups from different cultural-linguistic backgrounds. The aim of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the PSYGA T Verbal IQ Test on university students from English-speaking backgrounds (ESB) and non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) in relation to the Queendom Verbal IQ Test and Cultural Fair IQ Test. 445 third year psychology students aged 19 to 62 were involved in this study; 319Read MoreThe Development, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation of a Quality Assurance System Supporting Continuous Improvement of Higher Education in the Eastern Cape Technikon19611 Words   |  79 Pages Introduction Eastern Cape Technikon (ECT) was established in 1987 as University of Transkei Technikon, known as UNITRA Technikon. ECT is situated in Butterworth in the old Transkei region and draws its clients predominantly from the mostly rural Eastern Cape Province. ECT is characterised as one of the 13 historically disadvantaged institutions (HDI). Due to expansion and growth, ECT became independent of UNITRA (University of Transkei) and was renamed Transkei Technikon in 1991. On 20 April 1994Read MoreMy First Year Of A Jam Packed Update Of All Things Nubc2109 Words   |  9 PagesHi NUBCer’s and friends and welcome to a jam packed update of all things NUBC. Over the past few months crews have trained, travelled and competed at the Australian University Rowing Championships, in Perth and had great success across regattas in the CDRA. In particular NUBC showed their strength and versatility at the CDRA Sprint Champs, where we claimed the highly competitive Linwood Throsby Gift. Further exciting news, we have been lucky enough to have Tony Blay volunteer his time to coach membersRead MoreContemporary Security Issues in E-Payment Systems2297 Words   |  10 Pagesand integrated manner – and not address untoward events in each layer of the e-payment system completely independently. The urge is therefore to build on this development and determine what the survivability issues are in the light of the changes taking place in the composition of the system. 5. Justification The increasing adoption of e-payment and the criticalness that it be possible to carry out payments for goods and services at all times, even in adverse conditions, make it imperative that e-paymentRead MoreThe Time Of Poverty From The Great Depression1853 Words   |  8 Pagescities in the North such as Washington, D.C., Philadelphia and Chicago, as well as desegregation in the cities, encouraged white Americans to relocate to suburban areas, known as â€Å"white flight†. â€Å"So writes city historian Graeme Davison of Monash University, in Australia, in a recent issue of the Journal of Urban History. As cities and towns became manufacturing centers filled with industrial workers, suburban areas were seen as exclusive retreats for the moneyed classes. When the well-to-do fledRead MoreGenetic Analysis : Genetic Diagnosis2461 Words   |  10 PagesPellucida); at this point a trained embryologist will extract of one or two of the blastomeres (cells) for testing. During this process the embryos are frozen. In New Zealand PGD testing is most commonly done in Canterbury Health Laboratories or Monash IVF in Melbourne. In New Zealand PGD can only be used to test for 3 conditions: - Single gene defects such as cystic fibrosis, huntington’s disease, haemophilia. Single gene defects are caused by a single gene. - Numerical chromosomal abnormalities

Internal Control- A Detailed Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Report for Internal Control- A Detailed Analysis. Answer: Introduction Controls instilled within an organization so as to warrant that the business processes are conducted in the most desired manner, the financials prepared are reliable, the operations of the firm are accomplished by adopting an approach which is efficient enough to ensure that the firm is able to meet its goals and targets, the assets of the firm are protected enough to be able to safeguard from any kind of endangers and the processes are stringent enough to prevent any kind of fraudulent activities is what an internal control process promises. Unfortunately installing such procedures in a small organization may be a costly affair and the results may not be as desired. There may be situations wherein implementing such a process may be impossible[1]. In the said case it is very evident that the internal control imbibed within the Ashmore Grocery Store is weak and feeble enough to lead Kate Clarkston towards a path of losses. Thus I was requested to advise Ms. Kate Clarkston on the various internal control measures that she should follow so as to ensure that such a kind of vulnerability is wiped off. Credit (Accounts Receivable) Conducting a business on credit is a very common phenomena in the trade of retail and wholesale, specifically with regards the inventories. However to ensure that the there is no pilferage of the stock, a vigilant internal control system must be in place. The credit worthiness of the customers should be checked in detail[2]. The same should be conducted on a regular basis for both the new customers as well as the old ones as the credit worthiness may change with the changing scenarios. Further periodical follow ups for the clearance of the accounts is a must to prevent the occurrence of bad debts. The authority to grant credit to the customer should be kept by Kate herself and if any sales staff tries to grant credit on his / her judgement then the same should be questioned and dealt with immediately[3]. The next important area which requires attention is the immediate mending of the cash drawer as cash should always be kept under lock and key and adhoc withdrawals without approval should be stalled. Although there is one person responsible for the cash, yet maintaining more than one cash register also points fingers towards a weak control system. This may also lead to confusion and fraud. Thus the three registers should be discarded and only one register should be maintained which should account for all inflows and outflows of cash[4]. Credit- (Accounts Payable) Accounts payable is an equally sensitive area which requires vigilant controls, specially in a business like yours which has a very limited staff. The credit the suppliers give, the amount that they charge for the goods ,how much to order and timely negotiations with the suppliers is a must[5] .In the said scenario, Kate never took stock or inputs from its staff with regards the requirements of the goods each week and ordered in an adhoc manner. The same should be made only after proper stock taking is done. Further Kate should personally view the payments to be made to the suppliers so as to ensure prompt payments are made thus availing the benefit of cash discounts or other benefits that the suppliers offer[6]. Another very integral area of internal control which you need to inculcate is segregation of the work. The office administrator though very old employ should not be entrusted with the work of making payments to the suppliers, counting the cash, and filing of the bank statements. The work should be divided amongst the other staff also and the cash should be counted and banked by you personally. This would lead to applicability of self check process automatically[7]. The same may seem to be a costly affair to you, however if the work is delegated amongst the staff then the chances of risk and errors is minimized considerably. Inventories Inventories is another very fragile area which is prone to frauds thus daily stock taking should be made a part of the normal procedure of a business The stock taking will enable you to have an idea about the goods which are perishable in nature, the duration within which they get perished, the goods which are fast moving, goods which are no more in demand and which needs to be stopped at all. This will save your cost as well as ensure that the percentage of normal loss is minimal. Thus internal control over inventories can be instilled only if the stock is taken on a daily basis and any loss detected is immediately countered for. As the size of your business is small you may find this to be a time consuming as well as a costly affair, yet the benefits are manifolds[8]. Non-current assets Internal controls over non-current assets often takes a second seat in most of the firms which are not too big in size as their is a misconception with regards the fact that these do not hold much importance. But the said notion is incorrect. The fixed assets indirectly help in the conduct of the business and are costly assets which needs to be taken care of and maintained on a regular basis else replacement may cost huge to any entity leading to short term cash crunches as well as financial load. Thus timely maintenance and replacement of the same is the best remedy so that maximum benefits of depreciation as well as production is derived. Further a fixed asset register is a mandate for all kinds of firms[9]. In the current situation Kate uses few equipments such as an air fryer, refrigerator and bain marie which are expensive assets. She does not keep a track of the maintenance and timely repair and replacement of the same. She considers her staff to be so trustworthy that as soon as they inform her about the need for replacement of any equipment, without even checking the validity of the warranty or trying to get the same repaired she prefers to change the same immediately[10]. The same should be checked. Kate should take a note of the same and ensure a periodic AMC of the equipments installed at her shop. The equipment if under warranty should be sent to the company itself who would help to address her issues without any cost to her. Further before replacement a proper analysis of the cost of purchase versus the repair cost should be conducted and then a decision should be taken. She should have ventured into the reason for the replacement of a brand new ice cream freezer before replac ing the same as there may be chances that the same is stolen by any staff[11]. Conclusion Therefore as per my opinion Kate Clarkson should ensure adequate internal control is implemented and made a part of the system of her shop at the earliest. The top line of the firm may take a hit if adequate controls are not put in place before this leads to a larger fraud thus leaving her with no option but to shut down the business. It has to be understood that small business are more prone to inefficient systems and the staffs take the advantage of this vulnerability. Thus Ashmore Grocery Store should ensure that the above detailed measures should be adopted and made a part of its daily routine so that it can prevent profit erosion and earn profits as targeted for. References: Agarwal, V., Internal controls in a retail store,[Website]. 2015. https://www.withum.com/kc/internal-controls-retail-store/ (accessed 25 July 2016) Adams, K., Types of Internal Controls in a Grocery Store. Houston Chronicle, 25 July 2016. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-internal-controls-grocery-store-62145.html (accessed 25 July 2016) Cardwell, H., Principles of Audit Surveillance, R.T. Edwards Inc. USA, 2005 Frias, S.A., and Fajardo, C.L., Textbook in Auditing Theory (Assurance and related services), 4th Eds, KATHA Publishing Co. Ltd. Philippine, 2008 Geyer, J.M., The Basics of Inventory Internal Controls.; ImproMed, 15 February 2011, Accessed from https://www.impromed.com/newsletter/article.aspx?a=227 (25 July 2016) Horngren, C. Et al. Accounting, 7th Eds. Pearson, Australia, 2013 Hightower, R. Accounts Receivable- Cash Application, John Wiley Sons Inc., 2015, Available from E-book library (Accessed 25 July 2016) Internal Control: A Practical Guide, KPMG, UK, Service Print Limited , 1999 Long, M.M., Internal Controls for Small Businesses to Reduce Risk of Fraud, Intuit Inc. Plano, 2009 Rich, J.S. et.al. Cornerstones of Financial Accounting, South Western Cengage Learning, USA, 2012 Trenerry, A., Principles of Internal Control, University of New South Wales Press Ltd, New South Wales, 1999 [1] Agarwal, V., Internal controls in a retail store,[Website]. 2015. https://www.withum.com/kc/internal-controls-retail-store/ (accessed 25 July 2016) [2] Adams, K., Types of Internal Controls in a Grocery Store. Houston Chronicle, 25 July 2016. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-internal-controls-grocery-store-62145.html (accessed 25 July 2016) [3] Cardwell, H., Principles of Audit Surveillance, R.T. Edwards Inc. USA, 2005 [4] Frias, S.A., and Fajardo, C.L., Textbook in Auditing Theory (Assurance and related services), 4th Eds, KATHA Publishing Co. Ltd. Philippine, 2008 [5] Trenerry, A., Principles of Internal Control, University of New South Wales Press Ltd, New South Wales, 1999 [6] Rich, J.S. et.al. Cornerstones of Financial Accounting, South Western Cengage Learning, USA, 2012 [7] Horngren, C. Et al. Accounting, 7th Eds. Pearson, Australia, 2013 [8] Geyer, J.M., The Basics of Inventory Internal Controls.; ImproMed, 15 February 2011, Accessed from https://www.impromed.com/newsletter/article.aspx?a=227 (25 July 2016) [9] Hightower, R. Accounts Receivable- Cash Application, John Wiley Sons Inc., 2015, Available from E-book library (Accessed 25 July 2016) [10] Long, M.M., Internal Controls for Small Businesses to Reduce Risk of Fraud, Intuit Inc. Plano, 2009 [11] Internal Control: A Practical Guide, KPMG, UK, Service Print Limited , 1999

JKL Industries Workplace & Relationship - Samples & Solution

Question: Discuss about theEffective Workplace Relationshipfor JKL Industries. Answer: Introduction: The aim of the report is to make a plan to deal with the issues related to the grievances of the employees at the JKL Industries. It has been found that the management has proposed restructure of the business because it has been observed that the Company is facing certain issues related to the grievances of the employees. The employees had an opinion that they shall lose their job as a result of the restructure of the business. In addition to this, they also fear that there shall be no proper opportunity to retain their employment in the organization. It falls under the responsibility of the HR managers to fight with the challenges and tackle the situation. The report focuses on building up an action plan to tackle the situation. Identification of Risk at JKL Industry: In the case study, it has been found that the organization is facing two major issues. The grievances of the employees have been so drastic that they have also intended to call for strikes. The two most crucial risks that have been identified are: Poor communication and poor organizational climate: The organizational culture has been found to be negative. There is less team cohesion and a large communication gap between the employees and the management. It has been observed that in spite that the managers have good intensions and wanted to make better commitment towards the organization, the employees find it absurd and then they start revolting (Alfes et al. 2013). Therefore, it has been identified that there needs to be development of proper communication in the organization. Weak climate of organization culture: If the organizational culture is taken into consideration, it has been seen that the organization has a weak culture. There is a great deficiency in terms of understanding the situation of the chaotic condition that has occurred in the organization as result of the initiative taken for restructure of the organization (Kessler 2015). When the working atmosphere does not remain in a proper accordance, a chaotic condition is created in the organization that hampers the operation of the business. If the case study of JKL industry is to be considered, it can be said that the complete business operation depends on the cooperation of the employees working in the organization. Therefore, keeping up with their expectation is indeed an important issue that has to be tackled with prime importance. In the view point of Sparrow and Cooper (2012), HR practices are the most evident thing in an organization. Complete business operation remains on the success of the role played by the HR of the organization. Possible Solutions of the Problem: It is important to keep a good relationship with the employees of the Company, so that the flow of work does not get interrupted. Three possible solutions can be narrated in this respect: Detailed discussion with the employees regarding the issue: It has been found that the employees were feeling that they might lose their jobs. This thing has to be cleared out with each employee (Vasilaki et al 2012). In order to achieve this target, it is recommended that the HR management shall call out a meeting with the employees. In the meeting, the manager is expected to explain the issue to the employees and retain their faith. Considering possible solution to the problem: Based on the problems, it is also the duty of the management to come with a solution. The possible remedy might be developing proper communication with the employees and building a proper organizational culture in the organization (Bidwell et al. 2013). Keep a track of the conversation: It is also important that whatever discussion is done between the employees and the management should be recorded as the same can be used for the future prospects as well (Zhu et al.2013). When records are kept, it becomes evident for the management to deal with the situation in future. Promising better opportunity to the employees: The employees have to be convinced about the importance of the restructure of the business and how it can be effective to each one of them. Their misconception has to be removed by the HR management team. If this is made possible, then there is a scope of early recovery of the problem. Apart from the above mentioned solutions, it can be said that the HR should keep a track of the entire organizational planning regarding any kind of change or alteration in the organization (Kooij et al. 2013). It falls under the responsibility of the HR to keep a track of the entire organizational business and make approach to deal with the situation. Keeping a healthy relationship with the employees is the prime responsibility of the HR (Lengnick-Hall, Lengnick-Hall and Rigsbee 2013). Action Plan: Action Timeframe Person responsible Description of the strategy Calling a meeting First day HR and the HR partner In the meeting, detailed discussion of the plan of restricting the business has to be evaluated. Explaining the problems Second day HR and the HR partner Problems should be heard from the employees and the queries have to be addressed properly by the team of management. Coming up with a solution Second day HR and the HR partner It is based on the understanding from both the employees and the management, it is required to come to a proper solution. Fig: Action Plan (Source: Created by the author) Conclusion: It has been found that the main problem that the organization is facing is related to the consciousness of the employees related to their security of their job. The role of an HR manager is to understand the grievances of the employees and take a note of the best possible ways to fight against the various odds of the organization. It should be kept in mind that it is only by fulfilling the requirements of the employees the operation of the complete business can be fulfilled. Therefore, making proper decision regarding the queries and grievances of the employees holds great importance. Reference List: Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E.C., Rees, C. and Gatenby, M., 2013. The relationship between line manager behavior, perceived HRM practices, and individual performance: Examining the mediating role of engagement.Human resource management,52(6), pp.839-859. Bidwell, M., Briscoe, F., Fernandez-Mateo, I. and Sterling, A., 2013. The employment relationship and inequality: How and why changes in employment practices are reshaping rewards in organizations.The Academy of Management Annals,7(1), pp.61-121. Kessler, I., 2015. Exploring the relationship between human resource management and organizational performance in the healthcare sector. Kooij, D.T., Guest, D.E., Clinton, M., Knight, T., Jansen, P.G. and Dikkers, J.S., 2013. How the impact of HR practices on employee well?being and performance changes with age.Human Resource Management Journal,23(1), pp.18-35. Lengnick-Hall, M.L., Lengnick-Hall, C.A. and Rigsbee, C.M., 2013. Strategic human resource management and supply chain orientation.Human Resource Management Review,23(4), pp.366-377. Sparrow, P. and Cooper, C.L., 2012.The employment relationship: Key challenges for HR. Routledge. Vasilaki, A., Tarba, S., Ahammad, M.F. and Glaister, A.J., 2016. The moderating role of transformational leadership on HR practices in MA integration.The International Journal of Human Resource Management, pp.1-17. Zhu, W., Newman, A., Miao, Q. and Hooke, A., 2013. Revisiting the mediating role of trust in transformational leadership effects: Do different types of trust make a difference?.The Leadership Quarterly,24(1), pp.94-105.

Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Example Essay Example

Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Example Paper Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Introduction Shared Trait between Humans and Chimpanzees Anthropology 101 Section Fall 2010 Professor Diane Sank For many years, numerous individuals including anthropologists have attempted to explain how a single species evolved into another. From the time of Charles Darwin to Creationism, anthropologists have established that chimpanzees are human’s closet relative. Furthermore, with the extensive voluminous amount of information, not only are chimpanzees genetically and evolutionary similar to human but share analogous traits. For instance, chimpanzees like human make and utilized tools in various techniques. Another trait shared is eutheria, where offspring depend on the placenta and grown internally of their paternities. In addition to the highly mobile digits that assist chimpanzees in grasping and climbing. These illustrations are just a few. This paper is twofold; to highlight humans and chimpanzees shared traits that can aid in recreating the past of humans, secondly to heighten my knowledge of the evolution of humankind and chimpanzees. Human are classified in the primate order. The primate order contains countless species of prosimians, monkeys, apes, and us. Moreover even though humans are classified along with other primates the nearest relative is chimpanzees. Similarly, humans and chimpanzees share, â€Å"anatomy, and genetic material† that has been noted for several years now. By sharing similar traits it is noted as a vital part of human evolution. Human evolution is the development of humans also known as Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens are categorized in the Hominidae family, a family that has shown to ensure increased brain size with complexity and bipedalism. Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Body Paragraphs Chimpanzees have undergone many different changes during that resulted in binocular vision, mobile digits without claws but nails, decreasing in sense of smell due to a reduced snout, large and complex brains. Specific traits are illustrated distinctively within humans (Kottak, 2009). The first trait chimpanzees share with humans is grooming. Grooming is the action of cleaning oneself or another. The purpose of grooming among primates has many functions. The first is to clean another while the other is is sharing a bonding experience with a partner or friend. Both primates experience, â€Å"friendless, submission, appeasement or closeness. embracing, touching, and jumping up and down. † These behaviors assist in shaping closeness between the two chimpanzees taking part in grooming (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, amp; McBride, 2005). Two chimpanzees sit face to face with each other and perform these procedures. Chimpanzees use their digits to â€Å"remove parasites or detritus from another’s hairy body surface,† resulting in the consumption of parasites There are different grooming habits among chimpanzees. For instance, some chimpanzees groom each other face to face while other chimpanzee let the one being groomed to move about as they feel. Some chimpanzees use sticks, or leaves as tools for grooming. In humans grooming is also used as a bonding experience for example between mother and child (McGrew, 1998). The second trait is the increase in the size of the brain and complexity. Primates have the highest intelligences. The size and complexity of brain enables primates to retain additional information to utilize in tool making or climbing. The advantages of a large brain with complexity assist in â€Å"navigat[ing].find[ing] food in a highly complex environment. † The brain size of chimpanzees is larger than most other mammals (Kottak 2006; Stanford, Allen, Anton, 2006). The third trait is highly mobile digits. In humans mobile digits a re hands. Chimpanzee’s highly mobile digit allows them to grasp items and climb trees more efficiently. Chimpanzees like human have five fingers on both digits (hands and toes). Primates also have opposable thumbs and tactile pads. Tactile pads empower chimps to have great sensitivity to what they come into contact with. The tactile pads are located at the end of chimp’s digits. Chimps do not have claws but nails (Kottak, 2009). The fourth trait chimps share with humans is tool making. Chimps are every diversified in utilizing and make tools. Chimpanzees construct their tools from surrounding material within the forest such as twigs, bark, and leaves. Tool constructed have multiple functions. For example leaves can be rolled to create a cup for drink water. Another example is utilized leaves for fishing and grooming varies parts of another chimpanzee. Finally leaves can be used in pre –mating procedure and to make medication. Chimpanzees also utilized tools to g ather food such as sticking sticks into the ground to gather ants and termites for food. Chimpanzees are able to use their surrounds to help create everyday task to be performed with ease (McGrew, 1998). The fifth trait chimpanzees share with humans is being eutheria. Eutheria are mammals who reproduce internally via placenta. Similar to human chimpanzees do not have a breeding season. This allows chimpanzees to mate at any time of the year. Since mating seasons do not exist in chimpanzee culture, the majority of female chimpanzees throughout their life becomes pregnant or nurse constantly. Once offspring are born they are: â€Å"Dependent for 4 or 5 years.chimpanzee infant cannot survive if its mother dies before it reaches the age of 4 at the very least. During the juvenile period, young primates are still dependent upon the largest social group rather than on their mother alone, using this period for learning and refining a variety of behaviors. If the juvenile primate’s mother dies, he or she will be â€Å"adopted† by an older male or female member of the social group. † Not only does the infant depend on their mother for a period in time, the community takes care of them as they reach a certain age (Stanford, Allen, Anton, 2006). The sixth trait chimpanzee share is bipedalism. Bipedalism is the art of walking on two legs. This trait is a major trait that has evolved. Chimpanzees usually walk on all fours. However at times chimpanzees walk bipedally when they have to hold something in their hand. Furthermore Chimpanzees â€Å"cannot sustain bipedalism locomotion for more than 50 to 100 yards [before retracting to] knuckle-walking† (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, amp; McBride, 2005). Human infants like chimpanzees walk on all fours, at times walking bipeadlly shortly until they retract to walking on all fours. The seventh trait is the act of playing. The process of playing among chimpanzees is learning skills that can be used later in life as adults. The act of playing is shown not only in infants but juveniles as well. Infants and juveniles play to â€Å"learn about their environment.social skills. [and] testing a variety of behaviors. The act of playing is a tool for learning how certain things work and what is and not accepted in their community (McGrew 1998; Stanford, Allen, Anton, 2006). The eighth trait chimpanzee share with humans is the art of learning. Since the brain of a chimpanzees has increased in size and complexity this trait has assisted in advantages. Younger chimpanzees stay close to their mothers in order to learn how to perform certain task. For example, chimpanzees in West Africa use stones to crack open nuts. At first the offspring fail to perform the task until a great deal of practice is chieved. This process is call aping, the act of observing then imitating the adult they learned from (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, amp; McBride, 2005). The ninth trait is sexual behavior among chimpanzees. Chimpanzees and humans alike are promiscuous. The reason being primates do not have a set partner, another primate to mate with and stay with as a neutral family. Within chimpanzees communities both male and female engage in finding partners to mate with. There is no standard for the men to only look, but women take part in finding a mate rather than waiting for one. Female chimpanzees similar to humans go through several periods in time when they are vulnerable to impregnation. This period in time is known as estrus, not only where the female is vulnerable to impregnation but skin surrounding the genitals swell. In a recent study â€Å"twelve to fourteen males have been observed to have as many as fifty copulations in one day with a single female in estrus†(Stanford, Allen, Anton, 2006). Sexual promiscuity is a norm in chimpanzee’s community as well as humans. In our culture sexual promiscuity is portrayed in the form of pornography. Even though it is frowned upon ind ividuals still take part in it. The tenth trait similar to humans is communication. Chimpanzees have diverse calls that can be visualized with face and body expressions. There are various calls such as, â€Å"warning calls, threat calls, defense calls, and gather calls. [that accompany] gestures and postures.. [that is at] the level of a 2 to 3 –year-old human child† (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, amp; McBride, 2005). Chimpanzee unlike humans cannot speak but they do display language skills incorporating by call and gestures. I have learned that chimpanzees are extremely intelligent and should be studied more often. In my opinion chimpanzees are becoming more and more intelligent than the average American. For example some American can barely read and write let alone communicate their wants and needs. While chimpanzees communicate their wants and needs by using gestures and postures. It is extremely heartbroken more and more primates are slowly being extinct or becoming re search models not to benefit the understanding of their ways but for biomedical research. It truly was remarkable learning about chimpanzees an there shared trait humans’ utilize as of today. I am grateful and wish someday I too like Jane Goodall can do research on primates to learn their ways. We as humans should learn more and take care of our closest relative then would we truly understand their ways and ourselves. Chimpanzees, Pan Troglodytes, have acquired traits that are established already in humans. Chimpanzees are highly intelligent primates who display eutheria, the process of growing their offspring internally. Chimpanzees are extremely social creatures that take part in grooming as a process of bonding with another primate. While infants and juvenile learn through play which creates a learning environment for the children to learn what they will be required to know when they are adults. The increase in brain size and complexity has assisted chimpanzees to make and utilize tools, walk bipedally, and able them to climb and grasp with their high mobile digits. It begs the question: what will the future hold for the evolution of humans as chimpanzees become more and more rick in knowledge? This report contains 9,445 characters and 1,788 words References 1. Haviland, W, Prins, H, Walrath, D, amp; McBride, B. (2005). Living primates. In N. Root (Ed. ), Anthropology: the Human Challenge (pp. 62-87). Canada: Wadsworth. 2. Stanford, C, Allen, J, amp; Anton, S. (2006). Biological anthropology. New Jersey: Pearson Education. 3. Kottak, C. (2009). Anthropology: The Exploration of Human Diversity. New York: The McGraw Hill Companies. 4. Culture in nonhuman primates. (1998). Annuals Review of Anthropology, 27, 301-328. We will write a custom essay sample on Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Shared Trait Between Humans and Chimpanzees Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer